Why Hardwood Floors Cup

Cupping occurs when the edges of a board are high and its center is lower.

Cupping in hardwood flooring is caused by a moisture imbalance through the thickness of the wood: The wood is wetter on the bottom of the board than on the top. The moisture imbalance is  proven by taking moisture meter readings at different pin depths.

Causes of wood floor cupping:
1) The most common cause of cupping is a direct result of job site moisture conditions. This causes a difference in moisture content between the face and the back of the board, with related expansion of the back. The back or bottom of the flooring expands and is wider than the top; cupping is the result. The flooring affected by this condition will be tight together and without gaps.
2) Acclimation of the flooring to a higher moisture condition at the job site. When flooring is installed in an area with a moisture content higher than the flooring, the flooring acclimates to the higher moisture condition and expands. If no expansion gaps were provided, the expansion causes stress along the edges of the boards resulting in a slightly cupped floor.
3) Drying of the flooring: The face of the flooring loses moisture and shrinks, and is smaller than the back. When wood loses moisture it shrinks, and shrinkage results in gaps. A cupped floor caused by shrinkage will have gaps.

More to come….,
Linda Lockwood
Statewide Floor Covering Inspection Service
609-660-1717
NJ-NY-PA

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